Synthetization of TiC surface hardening using TIG melting technique - The effect of working distance

Abstract Surface hardening with and without hard reinforcing material can be achieved by melting technique on the top substrate area via high energy input fusion. The aim is to apply TIG torch heat of 1344 J/mm at two different working distances such as 0.5 mm 1.5 incorporate preplaced TiC particulates surface AISI 4340 low alloy steel. Results pertaining microstructural features, melt pool sizes, defects, topographies microhardness were investigated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope Vickers tester. results showed that loss through arc column distance resulted small geometry poor dissolution particulates. Lower increases heating value leading more precipitation whilst minimizing those undissolved submerged produced ranging from 800 HV 1500 HV. work suggested fusion enhanced marginal saving instead increasing used voltage, current, decreasing speed, or adding fluxes shielding special gasses.